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Phylogenetic relationships of three genera in Anacardiaceae: Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium, and Smodingium

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Abstract

Phylogenetic analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between and characterize the morphological variation among three genera of Anacardiaceae:Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium, andSmodingium. The first two genera are endemic to Mexico and the third to South Africa.Bonetiella andSmodingium are monotypic.Pseudosmodingium has eight species, six extant and two fossil, and all were included in the analyses. Fifty-six anatomical characters for leaves, wood, and fruit, as well as morphological characters, were considered. Our results indicate thatSmodingium is not closely related toPseudosmodingium andBonetiella, and that these last two genera are sister taxa.Pseudosmodingium is a monophyletic group and the two fossil species are related to species from the same geographical area of central Mexico where they were found. Fruit anatomical characters were significant at the generic level, while leaf anatomical characters were important at the species level inPseudosmodingium.

Resumen

En este trabajo se llevaron a cabo análisis filogenéticos para determinar las relaciones filogenéticas así como caracterizar la variación morfológica de tres géneros de Anacardiaceae:Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium ySmodingium. Los dos primeros son endémicos a México y el terceroo a Sudáfrica.Bonetiella ySmodingium son monotípicos.Pseudosmodingium incluye ocho especies, dos fósiles y el resto vivientes, y todas fueron consideradas en los análisis. Se consideraron 56 caracteres tanto anatómicos como morfológicos de hojas, madera y frutos. Nuestros resultados indican queSmodingium no está cercanamente relacionado aPseudosmodingium yBonetiella, y que estos dos últimos géneros son taxa hermanos.Pseudosmodingium es un grupo monofilético y las dos especies fósiles están relacionadas a especies que crecen en las mismas áreas geográficas del centro de México, donde fueron descubiertas. Los caracteres anatómicos del fruto fueron significativos a nivel genérico, mientras que los de hoja fueron importantes a nivel de especies enPseudosmodingium.

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  1. Carlos Aguilar-Ortigoza

    Present address: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Apartado Postal 63, 91000, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

    Carlos Aguilar-Ortigoza, Victoria Sosa & Guillermo Angeles

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  2. Victoria Sosa
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  3. Guillermo Angeles
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Aguilar-Ortigoza, C., Sosa, V. & Angeles, G. Phylogenetic relationships of three genera in Anacardiaceae: Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium, and Smodingium. Brittonia 56, 169–184 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1663/0007-196X(2004)056[0169:PROTGI]2.0.CO;2

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